| 孟祥冬.民间资本参与风险地质勘探的制度创新与路径探索[J].矿产勘查,2026,17(S1):368-377 |
| 民间资本参与风险地质勘探的制度创新与路径探索 |
| Institutional innovation and path exploration for private capital participation in risky geological exploration |
| 投稿时间：2026-03-18 修订日期：2026-04-03 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.2026S1041 |
| 中文关键词: 风险地质勘探 民间资本 投融资体系 制度保障 |
| 英文关键词: risk geological exploration private capital investment and financing mechanism institutional guarantee |
| 基金项目:本文受中国自然资源经济研究院项目“风险地质勘查多元资本投入制度创新研究”（ZRZY202X-YJ08）资助。 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 5 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 风险地质勘探普遍具有高投入、长周期、高风险、专业性强的特征，长期依赖财政资金较难充分匹配勘查行业实际发展需求。本文以《民营经济促进法》实施和“十五五”规划部署为背景，梳理2025—2026年相关政策文件，分析民间资本参与该领域的战略价值、政策机遇与现实障碍。研究认为，中国已逐步搭建起“法律保障+规划引领+财税激励+要素保障”多层次政策体系，为民间资本入局创造了良好制度条件。基于此，从深化制度改革、培育资本市场、优化市场环境、强化规划引领、加强人才培养等维度提出对策，探索构建“政策引导、市场主导、资本踊跃、风险共担、专业运作、退出顺畅”的中国特色风险地质勘查投融资新机制，以期缓解行业资金约束，持续增强矿产资源安全保障能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Risk geological exploration is generally characterized by high capital input， long development cycles， high operational risks and strong professionalism. Reliance on fiscal funds over the long term can hardly fully meet the practical development needs of the exploration industry. Against the backdrop of the implementation of the Private Economy Promotion Law and the deployment of the 15th Five-Year Plan， this paper sorts out relevant policy documents issued between 2025 and 2026， and analyzes the strategic value， policy opportunities and practical barriers for private capital to participate in this sector. The study concludes that China has gradually established a multi-tiered policy framework featuring "legal safeguards， planning guidance， fiscal and tax incentives， and factor support"， which has fostered a sound institutional environment for private capital to enter the field. On this basis， countermeasures are proposed from the perspectives of deepening institutional reform， cultivating capital markets， optimizing the market environment， strengthening planning guidance and boosting talent training. This paper explores the construction of a new investment and financing mechanism for risk geological exploration with Chinese characteristics marked by "policy guidance， market dominance， active capital participation， shared risks， professional operation and smooth exit channels". It aims to ease the capital constraints plaguing the industry and continuously bolster the capacity to guarantee mineral resource security. |
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