| 隋延辉,张雅丽.俄罗斯战略矿产分类、战略矿床保护及稀缺种类解决途径[J].矿产勘查,2022,13(1):1-8 |
| 俄罗斯战略矿产分类、战略矿床保护及稀缺种类解决途径 |
| Classification of strategic mineral raw materials,protection of strategic mineral depositsand solutions to rare mineral types in the Russian Federation |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-29 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.202201001 |
| 中文关键词: 战略矿产 稀缺矿产 危机矿产 俄罗斯联邦 |
| 英文关键词: strategic minerals scarce minerals critical mineral russian federation |
| 基金项目:本文受自然资源部信息中心重点项目“俄语国家自然资源战略法规信息收集加工整理”(2019-33-0207-01)资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 俄罗斯联邦矿产资源种类齐全、蕴藏量丰富。俄联邦在立法上划分出战略矿产,并按稀缺性分为较为充裕的、稀缺的和特别稀缺的三大类。既考虑矿物原料的战略意义,又重视稀缺性的严峻问题。俄罗斯稀缺矿产与“危机矿产‘Critical Minerals’”,就概念内容来看最为接近。在俄罗斯引入“危机矿产”概念,有助于更客观地区分稀缺的或危急的矿物原料,更合理地规划从联邦预算和地区预算中对地质勘探工作拨款,但需要仔细研究适用于俄罗斯的条件。俄罗斯对属于联邦性质地下空间地段即战略矿床的保护措施完备而有效。研究对比俄罗斯战略矿产保护与解决稀缺类型供应问题的途径,对于我国战略性矿产资源管理具有借鉴意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Russian Federation has a complete range of mineral resources and abundant reserves.The Russian Federation divides strategic mineral raw materials into three categories according to their scarcity:abundant,scarce and particularly scarce.We should not only consider the strategic significance of mineral raw materials,but also pay attention to the serious problem of scarcity.Russia’s scarce mineral raw materials and “crisis minerals” 瘙爯Critical Minerals瘙爲”,in terms of concept content,it is the closest.The introduction of the concept of “crisis minerals” in Russia will help to more objectively distinguish the scarce or critical mineral raw materials,and more reasonably plan the funding for geological exploration from the federal budget and regional budget.But the conditions that apply to Russia need to be carefully studied.Russia’s protection measures for the strategic deposits,which belong to the federal underground space,are complete and effective.It is of great significance for China’s strategic mineral resources management to study and compare the ways to protect strategic mineral raw materials and solve the supply problems of scarce types in Russia. |
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