| 陈华强,祁士华.广东惠州市黄沙洞地区潜在地幔上涌现象及其对高温地热成因影响[J].矿产勘查,2023,14(12):2352-2365 |
| 广东惠州市黄沙洞地区潜在地幔上涌现象及其对高温地热成因影响 |
| Potential mantle upwelling phenomenon in Huangshadong area of Huizhou， Guangdong Province and its influence on high-temperature geotherm |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-10 修订日期：2023-11-23 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.202312007 |
| 中文关键词: 惠州市 黄沙洞 地幔上涌 高温地热 地热成因 |
| 英文关键词: Huizhou Huangshadong mantle upwelling high-temperature geotherm |
| 基金项目:本文受广东省惠州市城市地质调查项目（粤财工［2013］360号）和博罗县地质灾害风险普查（1∶5万）项目（惠公易省云采博罗［2022］007号）联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 广东惠州市黄沙洞地热田位于中国大热流异常区的东南沿海区。2013年首次在该地区钻探发现广东省内温度最高地热井，地热井井口自流水温98.2℃，井底测得最高水温118.2℃。2018年施工的惠热1#于2900 m测得热水温度为127.7℃，井口最高稳定温度118℃，最大流量137 m3/h。深部热储温度采用无蒸汽损失石英温标计算为142.4℃，指示地热资源成藏潜力巨大。本文为探究该地区高温地热成因，结合区域地质构造特征、地球物理信息、岩石地球化学、气体地球化学、深部钻探信息，提出了高温地热区深部潜在地幔物质上涌现象为主要控制因素。研究区处于高重力异常区的北缘，处在线性重力阶梯带上，航磁异常显示深部存在隐伏岩体。高温地热井周边深部软流圈出现一定面积的垂向带状高导低阻体异常，反映可能有大规模的地幔上涌现象，且存在有较高的壳幔热流值，中下地壳可能存在热扰动的地质结构，紫金—博罗及莲花山深大断裂对软流圈的隆起具有一定的控制作用。研究区花岗岩多数显示为变杂砂岩部分熔融，少数为角闪岩和变安山岩部分熔融，指示研究区花岗岩存在地幔物质的加入。研究区浅层地下冷水稀有气体的比值R/Ra（4He/20Ne）/（4He/20Ne）air均大于1，显示出地幔上涌影响。研究区内存在生热率较高的花岗岩体，但出露规模不大，年龄为150 Ma左右，花岗岩生热率虽然较高，但岩体的生热率不足以形成较高的大地热流背景值。惠热1#深部钻探在2000 m发现基性辉长岩脉，与晚侏罗世二长花岗岩侵入接触关系明显，为深部地壳或上地幔的玄武质岩浆经侵入作用形成。黄沙洞地区高温地热的成因主要是软流圈上侵造成的上地幔的热对流。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Huangshadong geothermal field in Huizhou City is located in the southeast coastal area of large heat flow anomaly area in China. In 2013， the highest temperature geothermal well in Guangdong Province was discovered for the first time in this place. The geothermal temperature at the wellhead was 98.2℃， and the geothermal temperature at the bottom of the well was 118.2℃.Huire 1#which was constructed in 2018， measured a hot water temperature of 127.7℃ at 2900 m， a maximum stable wellhead temperature of 118℃， and a maximum flow rate of 137m3/h. The temperature of deep thermal storage was calculated at 142.4℃ by using quartz temperature scale without steam loss， indicating great potential of geothermal resources for reservoir formation. In order to explore the origin of high temperature geothermal in this area， combined with regional geological structure characteristics， geophysical information， rock geochemistry， gas geochemistry and deep drilling information， this thesis puts forward that the phenomenon of deep potential mantle material upwelling in high temperature geothermal area is the main control factor. The research area is located in the northern margin of the high gravity anomaly area， in the linear gravity step belt， and the aeromagnetic anomaly shows that there is hidden rock mass in the deep. A certain area of vertical zonal anomalies with high conductivity and low resistivity appear in the deep asthenosphere around the high-temperature geothermal well， which indicates that there may be large-scale mantle upwelling phenomenon and high crust mantle heat flow value， and there may be thermal disturbance geological structure in the middle and lower crust. The Zijin-Boluo and Lianhuashan deep faults have a certain control effect on the uplift of the asthenosphere. The ratio R/Ra （4He/20Ne）/（4He/20Ne） air of the shallow subsurface cold water noble gas in the research area is greater than 1， indicating the influence of mantle uppouring. There are granites with high heat generation rate in the research area， but the size of the outcrop is small， and the age is about 150 Ma. Although the granite heat generation rate is high， the heat generation rate of the rock mass is not enough to form a high ground heat flow background value. The basic gabbro dike was found by deep drilling at Huire 1# at 2000 m， which has obvious contact relationship with late Jurassic monzonite intrusion， formed by the intrusion of basaltic magma in the deep crust or upper mantle. The origin of high temperature geotherm in Huangshadong area is mainly attributed to heat convection in the upper mantle caused by asthenosphere encroachment. |
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