| 段昌盛.中国饮用天然矿泉水资源开发利用现状及“三率”标准研究[J].矿产勘查,2024,15(1):133-140 |
| 中国饮用天然矿泉水资源开发利用现状及“三率”标准研究 |
| The current situation of development and utilization of natural mineral water resources for drinking in China and study of the “Three Rates” standard |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-28 修订日期：2023-09-14 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.202401013 |
| 中文关键词: 矿泉水 开发利用 三率 标准 |
| 英文关键词: mineral water development and utilization three rate standard |
| 基金项目:本文受自然资源部2021年度标准制修订计划（自然资办发〔2021〕60号）项目资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| “三率”标准是矿产资源开发利用和监管的重要依据，中国矿泉水资源丰富，各省开发利用情况具有鲜明的地方差异。为落实自然资源部将2020年提出的“三率”指标升格为标准的要求，广东省矿产资源储量评审中心面向全国开展饮用天然矿泉水资源开发利用现状调查，收集2019—2021三年矿泉水矿山企业生产数据，提出矿泉水开发利用“三率”标准建议值：直接饮品利用率≥60%。调查数据表明宏观上各省政策的支持对矿泉水市场起到正面引导作用，但企业个体差异较大，矿泉水品牌、产品类型、销量显著影响实际开采量，市场两极分化较为严重。对比2020年提出的指标，“三率”标准不再对瓶装水或桶装水类型分类，降低了瓶装水利用率要求，该标准更符合大多数矿泉水矿山企业的现状，利于主管部门监管，保护了中小型企业。“三率”可引导企业改进工艺、更新设备、加强节水意识，对矿泉水资源开发利用起到积极作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The “Three Rates” standards serve as a crucial foundation for the development， utilization， and regulation of mineral resources， China is rich in mineral water resources which have sharp regional differences among provinces. To implement the demanding for upgrading the indicator “Three Rates” to standard， a nationwide survey was carried on the development and utilization of natural mineral water resources for drinking by the Mineral Resources Reserve Evaluation Center of Guangdong Province， collected the production data of mineral water mining enterprises from 2019 to 2021， the recommended values for the “Three Rates” standards for mineral water development and utilization were proposed， with a specific focus on the direct beverage utilization rate set at ≥60%.The survey indicates that the provincial supportive policies play a positive role in guiding the mineral water marke at the macro level. However， there are great differences among individual enterprises， the actual exploitaion quantity are significantly affected by mineral water brands， product types， sales volume and the market is seriously polarized. Compared with the indicator proposed in 2020，the “Three Rates” standard no longer classifies the types of bottled or barrelled water， which reduces the utilization rate requirements for bottled water. The standard is more in line with the status quo of most mineral water mining enterprises， which is conducive to the supervision and protection of small-and-medium sized enterprises. The “Three Rates” can guide enterprises to improve processes， update equipment， strengthen water-saving awareness and play a positive role in the development and utilization of mineral water resources. |
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