| 贾润幸,方维萱.新疆萨热克杂砾岩型铜矿地质特征、成矿模型与找矿模型[J].矿产勘查,2024,15(8):1331-1353 |
| 新疆萨热克杂砾岩型铜矿地质特征、成矿模型与找矿模型 |
| Geological characteristics， metallogenic model and prospecting model of Sageke complex conglomerate type copper deposit， Wuqia， Xinjiang |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-29 修订日期：2024-07-02 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.202408001 |
| 中文关键词: 砂岩型铜矿 成矿模型 流体包裹体 找矿模型 塔里木西缘 |
| 英文关键词: sandstone copper deposit mtallogenic model fluid inclusion prospecting model western Tarim margin |
| 基金项目:本文受中国地质调查局项目“新疆乌恰县萨热克地区铜多金属矿整装勘查区矿产调查与找矿预测”（121201004000150017-47；121201004000160901-67）资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 新疆萨热克杂砾岩型铜矿产于塔里木盆地西缘，本文从成矿地质体、成矿构造与成矿结构面、矿石组构、铜矿石中主-微量元素和流体包裹体在垂向和水平方向上的变化等方面进行了研究，结果表明：该类型铜矿的成矿地质体为上侏罗统库孜贡苏组上段（J3k2）杂砾岩；成矿构造为北东向的复式向斜和北东向的切层断裂；成矿结构面为下白垩统克孜勒苏群第一岩性段（K1kz1）底部褐红色粉砂质泥岩与上侏罗统库孜贡苏组上段（J3k2）杂砾岩，矿体上盘褐红色粉砂质泥岩为盆地成矿流体的封闭岩相层。杂砾岩铜矿石中碎裂岩化发育，砾石成分主要为泥岩，铁质碳酸盐岩，石英细砂岩，泥质细砂岩，基性火山岩、千枚状泥质板岩、石英砂岩、石英岩、硅质板岩等，分选性较差，粒径一般为0.3～5 cm，个别达到7 cm以上，磨圆中等，多呈次圆状，后期受构造作用发生碎裂化呈可拼接状砾石。胶结物为方解石、白云石、辉铜矿和少量次生石英及沥青等。石英和方解石包裹体研究结果表明：成矿流体为中—低温、中—高盐度，均一温度和盐度具有弱的正相关性，均一温度和气液比呈明显的正相关性，盐度和气液比呈弱的负相关性。在盆地流体的演化过程中，流体具有温度从高到低，盐度从低到高的演化趋势，表现为石英比方解石和白云石结晶要早一些；包裹体中的气相成分主要有N2、CO2、CH4和H2O，从2685中段到2790中段，气相成分具有从CO2、N2、CH4组合向N2、CH4、H2O组合的演变趋势，表明从下部到上部流体的还原性具有逐步减弱的趋势。在上述研究的基础上建立了本区杂砾岩型铜矿的成矿模型，通过不同比例尺物化探勘查方法的有效性分析建立了该类型铜矿的综合找矿模型，可为在该地区开展同类型矿产勘查提供帮助。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Xinjiang Sareke complex conglomerate type copper deposit is located in the western margin of Tarim Basin.This paper studies ore-forming geological body， ore-forming structure and structural plane， ore fabric， the vertical and horizontal changes of main-trace elements and fluid inclusions in copper ore. The results show that the metallogenic geological body is the complex conglomerate in the upper member of Kuzgunsu Formation （J3k2） of Upper Jurassic. The metallogenic structures are complex syncline and tangential fault in northeast direction. The metallogenic structural plane is between the marmaronian silty mudstone at the bottom of the first lithologic member of the Lower Cretaceous Group （K1kz1） and the complex conglomerate of the upper member of the Upper Jurassic Kuzigunsu Formation （J3k2）， and the marmaronian silty mudstone on the upper wall of the ore body is the closed lithofacies layer of the ore-forming fluid in the basin.The gravel composition of copper ore of mixed conglomerate is mainly mudstone， ferric carbonate rock， quartz fine sandstone， argillaceous fine sandstone， basic volcanic rock， phyllitic argillaceous slate， quartz sandstone， quartzite， siliceous slate， etc.， with poor sorting ability， the particle size is generally between 0.3-5 cm， and the individual reaches more than 7 cm. The roundness of the gravel is medium， most of the gravel is subroundness， and some of the gravel is fragmented by tectonic action in the later stage. The cement of the gravel is calcite， dolomite， chalcocite， a small amount of secondary quartz and asphalt. The analysis results of quartz and calcite inclusions show that the ore-forming fluid is medium-low temperature and medium-high salinity. The homogenization temperature has a weak positive correlation with salinity， the homogenization temperature has a significant positive correlation with gas-liquid ratio， and the salinity has a weak negative correlation with gas-liquid ratio. In the process of fluid evolution in the basin， the fluid has a trend of temperature from high to low， salinity from low to high， and quartz crystallizes earlier than calcite and dolomite.The main gas phase components in the inclusions are N2， CO2， CH4 and H2O. From 2685 elevation to 2790 elevation， the gas phase components have a trend of evolution from the combination of CO2， N2 and CH4 to the combination of N2， CH4 and H2O， indicating that the reduction of the fluid from the lower part to the upper part has a tendency to gradually weaken. On the basis of the above research， the metallogenic model of the complex conglomerate type copper deposit in this area is established， and the comprehensive prospecting model of this type of copper deposit is established through the effectiveness analysis of different scale geophysical and chemical exploration methods， aiming at providing help for the exploration of the same type of mineral deposits in this area. |
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