| 杜红毅,李源洪,袁清松,田合利,陈强,李信念.贵州务正道式铝土矿基于沉积学成矿模式与找矿预测模型探讨[J].矿产勘查,2026,2(2):299-309 |
| 贵州务正道式铝土矿基于沉积学成矿模式与找矿预测模型探讨 |
| Discussion on the sedimentary metallogenic model and prospecting prediction model of Wuzhengdao bauxite in Guizhou Province |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-29 |
| DOI：10.20008/j.kckc.202602008 |
| 中文关键词: 铝土矿 沉积学 成矿模式 找矿模型 务正道式铝土矿 |
| 英文关键词: bauxite sedimentology metallogenic mode prospecting model Wuzhengdao bauxite |
| 基金项目:本文受贵州省科学技术厅找矿突破战略行动重大协同创新项目(黔科合战略找矿[2022]ZD003)与贵州省地矿局科技创新人才团队培育计划项目(黔地矿科合[2023]TD004)联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究基于务正道地区铝土矿含矿岩系的野外地质调查、钻孔岩心精细观察及系统地球化学分析，综合沉积学与矿床学理论，重建了研究区铝土矿沉积体系，揭示了沉积相对矿体空间分布的控制机制，进而提出“务正道式铝土矿”沉积-成矿新模式，并建立基于沉积学的找矿预测模型。研究结果表明:(1)务正道铝土矿形成于海陆交互的滨岸沉积环境，含矿岩系为三角洲、障壁海岸与无障壁海岸沉积体系产物；(2)矿体分布受沉积相带显著控制，成矿过程可划分为四阶段演化序列:①古陆红土化(铝的初次富集)、②陆上风化改造(次生富集)、③滨岸环境二次沉积(机械搬运成矿)、④中二叠世海侵碳酸盐岩覆盖(矿体封存保存)；(3)沉积相-矿体耦合关系分析显示，三角洲前缘、障壁岛-潮控三角洲及潮汐三角洲为高品位大规模矿体的优势赋存相区，而三角洲平原与潮坪相带仅发育低品位小型矿体。基于上述认识，本研究构建了沉积相控矿定量预测模型，为区域隐伏铝土矿勘探提供了理论依据与实践指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on comprehensive field geological investigations of the bauxite-bearing rock series, detaileddrill core observations, and systematic geochemical analyses in the Wuzhengdao (Wuchuan-Zheng′an-Daozhen)area, this study integrates sedimentological and metallogenic theories to reconstruct the sedimentary system of baux-ite deposits. It elucidates the controlling mechanisms of sedimentary facies on the spatial distribution of orebodiesand proposes a novel sedimentary-metallogenic model for the "Wuzhengdao-type bauxite". Furthermore, a sedimentology-based prospecting prediction model is established. The results indicate that: (1) The Wuzhengdaobauxites formed in a coastal depositional environment with marine-terrestrial interactions, where the ore-bearingrock series originated from deltaic, barrier coast, and non-barrier coast depositional systems; (2) Orebody distribu-tion is significantly controlled by sedimentary facies belts, and the mineralization process comprises a four-stageevolutionary sequence: ① Paleo-continental lateritization (primary enrichment of aluminum), ② Terrestrial weath-ering and reworking (secondary enrichment), ③ Redeposition in coastal environments (mechanical transport andmineralization), and ④ Coverage by transgressing Middle Permian carbonate rocks (orebody sealing and preserva-tion); (3) Analysis of the sedimentary facies-orebody coupling relationship reveals that delta fronts, barrier island-tide-dominated deltas, and tidal deltas constitute favorable facies zones hosting high-grade, large-scale orebodies,whereas delta plains and tidal flats develop only low-grade, small-scale orebodies. Building upon these findings,this study constructs a quantitative sedimentary facies-controlled prospecting prediction model, providing a theoreti-cal foundation and practical guidance for the exploration of concealed bauxite deposits in the region. |
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